Research on the critical pressure ratio for safety valve
Associate Professor Li Ming Lecturer Zhou Guofa (Nanchang University, Nanchang 330029)
Abstract:The formula of the critical pressure ratio for safety valve is proposed. The experiment results show that the critical pressure ratio for safety valve is affected by the critical pressure ratio of nozzle and the resistance coefficient of valve disc, safety valve is always in sub-critical flow state because the resistance coefficient of valve disc is to big.
由式(7)可知,安全阀临界压力比rbcr主要受喷管临界压力比rcr与阀瓣流阻系数f的影响。当阀瓣流阻系数f增加时,由于喷管临界压力比为常数,则安全阀临界压力比将减小。由此可见,安全阀临界压力比随阀瓣流阻系数增加而减小。当流阻系数增加到某一临界值时,则安全阀临界压力比将减小到零。如果阀瓣阻力系数超过该临界值,由于阀瓣流阻系数过大,安全阀无法达到临界流动状态,而*处于亚临界流动状态。所以要安全阀存在临界流动状态,则安全阀临界压力比应不小于零,即rbcr≥0 ,此时阀瓣流阻系数应满足f≥2/k。对于空气,k=1.4,f≤1.43。由此可见,安全阀若处于临界流动状态,其阀瓣流阻系数f不能超过1.43。为了确定安全阀究竟是处于临界流动状态还是亚临界流动状态,笔者对A42Y-1.6C DN40和A42Y-1.6 C DN50这2种安全阀阀瓣流阻系数进行了试验测试,图2为阀瓣流阻系数与安全阀压力比试验关系曲线,图中h为*开启高度,y为试验开启高度。试验结果表明,全启式安全阀阀瓣流阻系数均超过1.43。于是可以断定,即使安全阀的进口压力较大,安全阀均由于阀瓣阻力压降过大,而达不到临界流动状态,因此,安全阀一般处于亚临界流动状态。