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FX-6000T细胞牵张 FX-6000 Tension System细胞牵张拉伸系统

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世联博研(北京)科技有限公司(Bio Excellence International Tech Co.,Ltd)简称为世联博研。世联博研是一家集进口科研仪器代理销售以及实验技术服务于一体的技术公司。世联博研专注生物力学和3D生物打印前沿科研设备代理销售及科研实验项目合作服务,内容涵盖了血管力学生物学、生物力学建模仿真与应用、细胞分子生物力学、组织修复生物力学、骨与关节生物力学、口腔力学生物学、眼耳鼻咽喉生物力学、康复工程生物力学、生物材料力学与仿生学、人体运动生物力学等生物力学研究以及生物材料打印、打印样品生物力学性能测试分析的前沿领域科研利器和科研服务。

世联博研的客户范围:
科研院所单位、生物医学科研高校、医院基础科研单位等。

世联博研公司代理的品牌具有:
1)近10年长期稳定的货源
2)以生物力学、细胞力学、细胞生物分子学、生物医学组织工程、生物材料学为主,兼顾其他相关产品线
3)提供专业产品培训和销售培训
4)良好的技术支持
5)已成交老客户考证
6)每年新增的货源。

细胞应力加载仪,3细胞打印机,NanoTweezer新型激光光镊系统,PicoTwist磁镊,美国NeuroIndx品牌Kuiqpick单细胞捕获切割系统

应用领域 医疗卫生,生物产业

flexcell品牌FX-6000T细胞牵张拉伸应力加载系统(Flexcell FX6000 Tension system)

2D/3D细胞或组织静态或动态牵张等边轴或单轴向牵张应变加载和实时观察
新增不用基底硬度牵张

亮点:

适用样品:细胞或者组织(2D、3D)
轴向:二维等边轴、二维单轴向、三维等边轴、三维单轴向、三维梯形牵张
牵张模式:真空动力抻拉培养板弹性柔性基底膜或3D水凝胶包埋的细胞
实时观察:StageFlexer显微附属设备可在显微镜下观察牵张作用下反应
方便对照:可控制同一块培养板部分孔细胞受力与否
多组牵张条件作用对照:可同时运行多个不同压力大小、不同频率
不同加载周期程序,方便多组牵张条件对比;
软件精准调控:对牵张加载周期、张应变大小、频率、波形智能调控
牵张范围:0 - 33%
牵张频率:0.01- 5 Hz
细胞量大,便于后期分析:系统牵张传导仪支持4块6孔
(每孔1.2* 105个细胞)或24孔牵张板,可同时兼容4个独立
的FlexLink牵张加载传导仪 ,独立操作四个不同的实验程序
支持任何波形种类:如更好地控制在超低或超高应力下形:

细胞牵张受力同时可在倒置、正置显微镜下实时观察细胞受力变化和反应。

CellSoft不同硬度基底培养板可以在弹性模量范围1-80kPa范围内牵张

典型应用:

该系统感应各种细胞在应力刺激下的生物化学反应,例如:骨骼细胞,肺细胞,心肌细胞,血细胞,皮肤细胞,
肌腱细胞,韧带细胞,软骨细胞和骨细胞等各种2D或3D细胞组织。
典型应用科室:

口腔颞下颌关节滑膜细胞、人牙周膜细胞、口腔上皮细胞、口腔鳞癌KB细胞等
骨:骨骼细胞、肌腱细胞、韧带细胞、软骨细胞和骨细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞,
软骨组织、椎间盘骨组织、肌腱组织、韧带组织等
肺呼吸肺细胞、肺上皮细胞、肺动脉内皮细胞、人肺微血管内皮细胞
眼科视觉神经眼上皮细胞、眼小梁组织细胞、视网膜神经细胞
心血管/高血压:心肌细胞、血细胞、心血管平滑肌细胞、血管内皮细胞
生殖肾膀胱细胞、平滑肌细胞/尿路上皮及尿路上皮细胞、肾小管上皮细胞
消化肠上皮细胞、 胃上皮细胞、胃血管内皮细胞
皮肤皮肤细胞、皮肤成纤维细胞

CellSoft™ 培养板有很多不同的种类,如不同的硬度,不同的孔板,用于显微观察的腔室载玻片(圆形多孔板),共价包被Collagen I或其他蛋白,可对细胞进行静态或动态牵拉应力刺激。更重要的一点,新型的CellSoft™ 培养板可以反复胰酶消化和再接种细胞,蛋白包被的表面可以重复使用多达三次。

CellSoft培养板

弹性模量范围1-80kPa

可选多孔板、60mm100mm培养板

BioFlex® CellSoft标准6孔板

在柔性基底上牵拉细胞

腔室载玻片CellSoft

表面蛋白包被,无菌单独包装

 

CellSoft培养板有很多不同的种类,如不同的硬度,不同的孔板,用于显微观察的腔室载玻片(圆形多孔板),共价包被Collagen I或其他蛋白,可对细胞进行静态或动态牵拉应力刺激。更重要的一点,新型的CellSoft培养板可以反复胰酶消化和再接种细胞,蛋白包被的表面可以重复使用多达三次。

CellSoft不同硬度基底牵张文献:

Key References:

Buxboim et al., How deeply do cells feel:methods for thin gels. J Phys Condens matter. 22: 1-19, 2010.

Chodhury et al., Soft substrates promote homogeneous self-renewal of embryonic stem cells via down regulating cell-matrix tractions. PLOS 1 5: 1-10, 2010.

Engle et al., Matrix elasticity directs stem cell lineage specification. Cell 126: 677-689, 2006.

Hirata and Yamaoka. Effect of stem cell niche elasticity/ECM protein on the self-beating cardiomyocyte differentiation of iPS cells at different stages. Acta Biomat. 65: 44-52, 2018

Megone et al., Impact of surface adhesion and sample heterogeneity on the multiscale mechanical characterization of soft biomaterials. Sci Rep 8: 6780, 2018.

Ou et al., Visualizing mechanical modulation of nanoscale organization of cell-matrix adhesions. Integr. Biol. 8: 795-804,2016.

Palchesko et al., Development of polydimethylsiloxane substrates with tunable elastic modulus to study cell mechanobiology in muscle and nerve. PLOS 1 7: 1-13, 2012

Smith et al., Mechanosensing of matrix by stem cells: from matrix heterogeneity, contractility and the nucleus in pore-migration to cardiogenesis and muscle stem cells in vivo. Sem Cell Devtbio. 71: 84-98, 2017

Solon et al., Fibroblast adaptation andstiffness matching to soft elastic substrates. Biophys J. 93: 4453-4461, 2007.

Thomas et al., Measuring the mechanical properties of living cells using atomic force microscopy. J Visual Exp. 76:1-8, 2013.

Vertelov et al., Rigidity of silicone substrates controls cell spreading and stem cell differentiation. Sci Rep. 6:1-10, 2016.

flexcell tension system应用文献:

BLADDER
BLADDER SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS
1. Adam RM, Eaton SH, Estrada C, Nimgaonkar A, Shih SC, Smith LE, Kohane IS, Bagli D, Freeman MR. Mechanical stretch is a highly selective regulator of gene expression in human bladder smooth muscle cells. Physiol Genomics 20(1):36-44, 2004.
2. Adam RM, Roth JA, Cheng HL, Rice DC, Khoury J, Bauer SB, Peters CA, Freeman MR. Signaling through PI3K/Akt mediates stretch and PDGF-BB-dependent DNA synthesis in bladder smooth muscle cells. J Urol 169(6):2388-2393, 2003.
3. Aitken KJ, Block G, Lorenzo A, Herz D, Sabha N, Dessouki O, Fung F, Szybowska M, Craig L, Bagli DJ. Mechanotransduction of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity in smooth muscle is dependent on the extracellular matrix and regulated by matrix metalloproteinases. Am J Pathol 169(2):459-470, 2006.
4. Aitken KJ, Tolg C, Panchal T, Leslie B, Yu J, Elkelini M, Sabha N, Tse DJ, Lorenzo AJ, Hassouna M, Bägli DJ. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) induces proliferation and de-differentiation responses to three coordinate pathophysiologic stimuli (mechanical strain, hypoxia, and extracellular matrix remodeling) in rat bladder smooth muscle. Am J Pathol 176(1):304-319, 2010.
5. Chaqour B, Yang R, Sha Q. Mechanical stretch modulates the promoter activity of the profibrotic factor CCN2 through increased actin polymerization and NF-B activation. J Biol Chem 281(29):20608-20622, 2006.
6. Estrada CR, Adam RM, Eaton SH, Bägli DJ, Freeman MR. Inhibition of EGFR signaling abrogates smooth muscle proliferation resulting from sustained distension of the urinary bladder. Lab Invest 86(12):1293-1302, 2006.
7. Galvin DJ, Watson RW, Gillespie JI, Brady H, Fitzpatrick JM. Mechanical stretch regulates cell survival in human bladder smooth muscle cells in vitro. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 283(6):F1192-F1199, 2002.
8. Halachmi S, Aitken KJ, Szybowska M, Sabha N, Dessouki S, Lorenzo A, Tse D, Bagli DJ. Role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in stretch injury to bladder smooth muscle cells. Cell Tissue Res 326(1):149-158, 2006.
9. Hubschmid U, Leong-Morgenthaler PM, Basset-Dardare A, Ruault S, Frey P. In vitro growth of human urinary tract smooth muscle cells on laminin and collagen type I-coated membranes under static and dynamic conditions. Tissue Engineering 11(1-2):161-171, 2005.
10. Kushida N, Kabuyama Y, Yamaguchi O, Homma Y. Essential role for extracellular Ca2+ in JNK activation by mechanical stretch in bladder smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 281(4):C1165-C1172, 2001.
11. Nguyen HT, Adam RM, Bride SH, Park JM, Peters CA, Freeman MR. Cyclic stretch activates p38 SAPK2-, ErbB2-, and AT1-dependent signaling in bladder smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 279(4):C1155-C1167, 2000.
12. Orsola A, Adam RM, Peters CA, Freeman MR. The decision to undergo DNA or protein synthesis is determined by the degree of mechanical deformation in human bladder muscle cells. Urology 59(5):779-783, 2002.
13. Orsola A, Estrada CR, Nguyen HT, Retik AB, Freeman MR, Peters CA, Adam RM. Growth and stretch response of human exstrophy bladder smooth muscle cells: molecular evidence of normal intrinsic function. BJU Int 95(1):144-148, 2005.
14. Park JM, Adam RM, Peters CA, Guthrie PD, Sun Z, Klagsbrun M, Freeman MR. AP-1 mediates stretch-induced expression of HB-EGF in bladder smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 277:C294-C301, 1999.
15. Park JM, Borer JG, Freeman MR, Peters CA. Stretch activates heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor expression in bladder smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 275:C1247-C1254, 1998.
16. Park JM, Yang T, Arend LJ, Schnermann JB, Peters CA, Freeman MR, Briggs JP. Obstruction stimulates COX-2 expression in bladder smooth muscle cells via increased mechanical stretch. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 276:F129-F136, 1999.
17. Persson K, Sando JJ, Tuttle JB, Steers WD. Protein kinase C in cyclic stretch-induced nerve growth factor production by urinary tract smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 269:C1018-C1024, 1995.
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18. Steers WD, Broder SR, Persson K, Bruns DE, Ferguson JE 2nd, Bruns ME, Tuttle JB. Mechanical stretch increases secretion of parathyroid hormone-related protein by cultured bladder smooth muscle cells. J Urol 160(3 Pt 1):908-912, 1998.
19. Upadhyay J, Aitken KJ, Damdar C, Bolduc S, Bagli DJ. Integrins expressed with bladder extracellular matrix after stretch injury in vivo mediate bladder smooth muscle cell growth in vitro. J Urol 169(2):750-755, 2003.
20. Wang Y, Xiong Z, Gong W, Zhou P, Xie Q, Zhou Z, Lu G. Expression of heat shock protein 27 correlates with actin cytoskeletal dynamics and contractility of cultured human bladder smooth muscle cells. Exp Cell Res 338(1):39-44, 2015.
21. Yang R, Amir J, Liu H, Chaqour B. Mechanical strain activates a program of genes functionally involved in paracrine signaling of angiogenesis. Physiol Genomics 36(1):1-14, 2008.
22. Yu G, Bo S, Xiyu J, Enqing X. Effect of bladder outlet obstruction on detrusor smooth muscle cell: an in vitro study. Journal of Surgical Research 114(2):202-209, 2003.
23. Zhou D, Herrick DJ, Rosenbloom J, Chaqour B. Cyr61 mediates the expression of VEGF, v-integrin, and -actin genes through cytoskeletally based mechanotransduction mechanisms in bladder smooth muscle cells. J Appl Physiol 98(6):2344-2354, 2005.
UROTHELIAL & UROEPITHELIAL CELLS
24. Jerde TJ, Mellon WS, Bjorling DE, Nakada SY. Evaluation of urothelial stretch-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in novel human cell culture and porcine in vivo ureteral obstruction models. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 317(3):965-972, 2006.
25. Jerde TJ, Mellon WS, Bjorling DE, Checura CM, Owusu-Ofori K, Parrish JJ, Nakada SY. Stretch induction of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human urothelial cells is calcium- and protein kinase C -dependent. Mol Pharmacol 73(1):18-26, 2008. Erratum in: Mol Pharmacol 74(2):539, 2008.
26. Sun Y, Chai TC. Effects of dimethyl sulphoxide and heparin on stretch-activated ATP release by bladder urothelial cells from patients with interstitial cystitis. BJU Int 90(4):381-385, 2002.
27. Sun Y, Chai TC. Up-regulation of P2X3 receptor during stretch of bladder urothelial cells from patients with interstitial cystitis. J Urol 171(1):448-452, 2004.
28. Sun Y, Keay S, De Deyne PG, Chai TC. Augmented stretch activated adenosine triphosphate release from bladder uroepithelial cells in patients with interstitial cystitis. Journal of Urology 166(5):1951-1956, 2001.
29. Sun Y, Keay S, DeDeyne P, Chai T. Stretch-activated release of adenosine triphosphate by bladder uroepithelia is augmented in interstitial cystitis [abstract]. Urology 57(6 Suppl 1):131, 2001.
30. Sun Y, MaLossi J, Jacobs SC, Chai TC. Effect of doxazosin on stretch-activated adenosine triphosphate release in bladder urothelial cells from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 60(2):351-356, 2002.
BONE
1. Acosta FL, Pham M, Safai Y, Buser Z. Improving bone formation in osteoporosis through in vitro mechanical stimulation compared to biochemical stimuli. Journal of Nature and Science 1(4):e63, 2015.
2. Aguirre JI, Plotkin LI, Gortazar AR, Millan MM, O'Brien CA, Manolagas SC, Bellido T. A novel ligand-independent function of the estrogen receptor is essential for osteocyte and osteoblast mechanotransduction. J Biol Chem 282(35):25501–25508, 2007.
3. Bellido T, Plotkin LI. Detection of apoptosis of bone cells in vitro. Methods in Molecular Biology, Vol. 455: Osteoporosis: Methods and Protocols. Edited by Westendorf JJ. Humana Press: Totowa, 51-75, 2008.
4. Bhatt KA, Chang EI, Warren SM, Lin SE, Bastidas N, Ghali S, Thibboneir A, Capla JM, McCarthy JG, Gurtner GC. Uniaxial mechanical strain: an in vitro correlate to distraction osteogenesis. J Surg Res 143(2):329-36, 2007.
5. Boutahar N, Guignandon A, Vico L, Lafage-Proust MH. Mechanical strain on osteoblasts activates autophosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 tyrosine sites involved in ERK activation. J Biol Chem 279(29):30588-30599, 2004.
6. Buckley MJ, Banes AJ, Jordan RD. The effects of mechanical strain on osteoblasts in vitro. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 48(3):276-282, 1990.
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7. Buckley MJ, Banes AJ, Levin LG, Sumpio BE, Sato M, Jordan R, Gilbert J, Link GW, Tran Son Tay R. Osteoblasts increase their rate of division and align in response to cyclic, mechanical tension in vitro. Bone Miner 4(3):225-236, 1988.
8. Calvalho RS, Bumann A, Schwarzer C, Scott E, Yen EH. A molecular mechanism of integrin regulation from bone cells stimulated by orthodontic forces. Eur J Orthod 18(3):227-235, 1996.
9. Carvalho RS, Scott JE, Suga DM, Yen EH. Stimulation of signal transduction pathways in osteoblasts by mechanical strain potentiated by parathyroid hormone. J Bone Miner Res 9(7):999-1011, 1994.
10. Carvalho RS, Scott JE, Yen EH. The effects of mechanical stimulation on the distribution of 1 integrin and expression of 1-integrin mRNA in TE-85 human osteosarcoma cells. Arch Oral Biol 40(3):257-264, 1995.
11. Case N, Ma M, Sen B, Xie Z, Gross TS, Rubin J. -catenin levels influence rapid mechanical responses in osteoblasts. J Biol Chem 283(43):29196-29205, 2008.
12. Chen X, Macica CM, Ng KW, Broadus AE. Stretch-induced PTH-related protein gene expression in osteoblasts. J Bone Miner Res 20(8):1454-61, 2005.
13. Chen YJ, Chang MC, Yao CC, Lai HH, Chang J, Jeng JH. Mechanoregulation of osteoblast-like MG-63 cell activities by cyclic stretching. J Formos Med Assoc 113(7):447-53, 2014.
14. Chung E, Sampson AC, Rylander MN. Influence of heating and cyclic tension on the induction of heat shock proteins and bone-related proteins by MC3T3-E1 cells. Biomed Res Int 2014:354260, 2014.
15. Cillo JE Jr, Gassner R, Koepsel RR, Buckley MJ. Growth factor and cytokine gene expression in mechanically strained human osteoblast-like cells: implications for distraction osteogenesis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 90(2):147-154, 2000.
16. Delaine-Smith RM, Javaheri B, Helen Edwards J, Vazquez M, Rumney RM. Preclinical models for in vitro mechanical loading of bone-derived cells. Bonekey Rep 4:728, 2015.
17. Duncan RL, Hruska KA. Chronic, intermittent loading alters mechanosensitive channel characteristics in osteoblast-like cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 267:F909-F916, 1994.
18. Fan X, Rahnert JA, Murphy TC, Nanes MS, Greenfield EM, Rubin J. Response to mechanical strain in an immortalized pre-osteoblast cell is dependent on ERK1/2. J Cell Physiol 207(2):454-460, 2006.
19. Faure C, Linossier MT, Malaval L, Lafage-Proust MH, Peyroche S, Vico L, Guignandon A. Mechanical signals modulated vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) alternative splicing in osteoblastic cells through actin polymerisation. Bone 42(6):1092-1101, 2008.
20. Faure C, Vico L, Tracqui P, Laroche N, Vanden-Bossche A, Linossier MT, Rattner A, Guignandon A. Functionalization of matrices by cyclically stretched osteoblasts through matrix targeting of VEGF. Biomaterials 31(25):6477-6484, 2010.
21. Gao J, Fu S, Zeng Z, Li F, Niu Q, Jing D, Feng X. Cyclic stretch promotes osteogenesis-related gene expression in osteoblast-like cells through a cofilin-associated mechanism. Mol Med Rep 14(1):218-24, 2016.
22. Geng WD, Boskovic G, Fultz ME, Li C, Niles RM, Ohno S, Wright GL. Regulation of expression and activity of four PKC isozymes in confluent and mechanically stimulated UMR-108 osteoblastic cells. J Cell Physiol 189(2):216-228, 2001.
23. Gortazar AR, Martin-Millan M, Bravo B, Plotkin LI, Bellido T. Crosstalk between caveolin-1/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and β-catenin survival pathways in osteocyte mechanotransduction. J Biol Chem 288(12):8168-8175, 2013.
24. Granet C, Boutahar N, Vico L, Alexandre C, Lafage-Proust MH. MAPK and SRC-kinases control EGR-1 and NF-B inductions by changes in mechanical environment in osteoblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 284(3):622-631, 2001.
25. Granet C, Vico AG, Alexandre C, Lafage-Proust MH. MAP and src kinases control the induction of AP-1 members in response to changes in mechanical environment in osteoblastic cells. Cellular Signaling 14(8):679-688, 2002.
26. Grimston SK, Screen J, Haskell JH, Chung DJ, Brodt MD, Silva MJ, Civitelli R. Role of connexin43 in osteoblast response to physical load. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1068:214-224, 2006.
27. Guignandon A, Akhouayri O, Usson Y, Rattner A, Laroche N, Lafage-Proust MH, Alexandre C, Vico L. Focal contact clustering in osteoblastic cells under mechanical stresses: microgravity and cyclic deformation. Cell Commun Adhes 10(2):69-83, 2003.
28. Guignandon A, Boutahar N, Rattner A, Vico L, Lafage-Proust MH. Cyclic strain promotes shuttling of PYK2/Hic-5 complex from focal contacts in osteoblast-like cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 343(2):407-14, 2006.
29. Han L, Zhang X, Tang G. Indian Hedgehog signaling is involved in the stretch induced proliferation of osteoblast. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 30(3):234-8, 2012.
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30. Hara F, Fukuda K, Asada S, Matsukawa M, Hamanishi C. Cyclic tensile stretch inhibition of nitric oxide release from osteoblast-like cells is both G protein and actin-dependent. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 19(1):126-131, 2001.
31. Hara F, Fukuda K, Ueno M, Hamanishi C, Tanaka S. Pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins as mediators of stretch-induced decrease in nitric-oxide release of osteoblast-like cells. J Orthop Res 17(4):593-597, 1999.
32. Hens JR, Wilson KM, Dann P, Chen X, Horowitz MC, Wysolmerski JJ. TOPGAL mice show that the canonical Wnt signaling pathway is active during bone development and growth and is activated by mechanical loading in vitro. J Bone Miner Res 20(7):1103-1113, 2005.
33. Ho AM, Marker PC, Peng H, Quintero AJ, Kingsley DM, Huard J. Dominant negative Bmp5 mutation reveals key role of BMPs in skeletal response to mechanical stimulation. BMC Dev Biol 8:35, 2008.
34. Jansen JH, Weyts FA, Westbroek I, Jahr H, Chiba H, Pols HA, Verhaar JA, van Leeuwen JP, Weinans H. Stretch-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 depends on differentiation stage of osteoblasts. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 93:542–551, 2004.
35. Kameyama S, Yoshimura Y, Kameyama T, Kikuiri T, Matsuno M, Deyama Y, Suzuki K, Iida J. Short-term mechanical stress inhibits osteoclastogenesis via suppression of DC-STAMP in RAW264.7 cells. Int J Mol Med 31(2):292-8, 2013.
36. Kao CT, Chen CC, Cheong UI, Liu SL, Huang TH. Osteogenic gene expression of murine osteoblastic (MC3T3-E1) cells under cyclic tension. Laser Phys 24:8, 085605, 2014.
37. Karasawa Y, Tanaka H, Nakai K, Tanabe N, Kawato T, Maeno M, Shimizu N. Tension force downregulates matrix metalloproteinase expression and upregulates the expression of their inhibitors through MAPK signaling pathways in MC3T3-E1 cells. Int J Med Sci 12(11):905-13, 2015.
38. Kariya T, Tanabe N, Shionome C, Kawato T, Zhao N, Maeno M, Suzuki N, Shimizu N. Tension force-induced ATP promotes osteogenesis through P2X7 receptor in osteoblasts. J Cell Biochem 116(1):12-21, 2015.
39. Kim DW, Lee HJ, Karmin JA, Lee SE, Chang SS, Tolchin B, Lin S, Cho SK, Kwon A, Ahn JM, Lee FY. Mechanical loading differentially regulates membrane-bound and soluble RANKL availability in MC3T3-E1 cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1068:568-72, 2006.
40. Knoll B, McCarthy TL, Centrella M, Shin J. Strain-dependent control of transforming growth factor- function in osteoblasts in an in vitro model: biochemical events associated with distraction osteogenesis. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 116(1):224-233, 2005.
41. Li L, Chen M, Deng L, Mao Y, Wu W, Chang M, Chen H. The effect of mechanical stimulation on the expression of 2, 1, 3 integrins and the proliferation, synthetic function in rat osteoblasts. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 20(2):187-192, 2003.
42. Li L, Deng L, Chen M, Wu W, Mao Y, Chen H. The effect of mechanical stimulation on the proliferation and synthetic function of osteoblasts from osteoporotic rat. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 21(3):341-346, 349, 2004.
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